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Table 1 Participant characteristics

From: How are different clusters of physical activity, sedentary, sleep, smoking, alcohol, and dietary behaviors associated with cardiometabolic health in older adults? A cross-sectional latent class analysis

 

n

Mean (SD) or %

Demographic characteristics

Age (years)

355

64.7 (5.3)

Sex

355

 

 Female

163

46%

 Male

192

54%

Employment status

319

 

 Yes

156

49%

 No

163

51%

Cardiometabolic health markers

Body mass index (kg/m2)

348

28.17 (5.37)

Body fat (%)

348

29.54 (7.89)

Fat mass (kg)

348

23.43 (8.49)

Fat-free mass (kg)

348

55.29 (11.42)

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

351

39.99 (7.49)

Fasting glucose (mmol/L)

353

5.32 (1.29)

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

345

5.24 (1.03)

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

345

1.23 (0.71)

HDL-C (mmol/L)

345

1.45 (0.39)

LDL-C (mmol/L)

328

3.23 (0.93)

VLDL-C (mmol/L)

284

0.55 (0.26)

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

354

129.03 (18.39)

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

354

76.17 (10.19)

Covariates

Reported heart condition

354

 

 Yes

266

75%

 No

88

25%

Blood pressure medication

308

 

 Yes

111

36%

 No

197

64%

Cholesterol medication

315

 

 Yes

132

42%

 No

183

58%

Diabetes medication

286

 

 Yes

23

8%

 No

263

92%

Health behaviors

Waking activPAL3 Micro wear time (mins)

355

932.2 (65.0)

Total sitting time (mins)

355

484.6 (104.9)

Time in ≥ 10-minute sitting bouts (mins)

355

380.6 (106.9)

Proportion of total sitting time in ≥ 10-minute sitting bouts (%) A, C

355

77.6 (8.9)

Total standing time (mins) A, C

355

310.9 (95.5)

Total stepping time (mins) A, C

355

136.7 (53.9)

Sleep (mins) A

355

493.0 (67.5)

Sleep A

355

 

 <7 h/night

50

14%

 7–9 h/night

224

63%

 >9 h/night

81

23%

DASH score A, B

351

24.2 (5.2)

Alcohol consumption A

 4 or more times a week

313

28

9%

 2–3 times a week

66

21%

 2–4 times a month

81

26%

 Monthly or less

59

19%

 Never

79

25%

Smoking status A

313

 

 Current

28

9%

 Former

128

41%

 Not applicable

157

50%

  1. HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; VLDL-C: very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; DASH: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension.
  2. Data were only included if participants provided at least four days of valid activity data (defined as ≥ 10 h of waking data per day) (28), and include at least one weekday and one weekend day.
  3. A These variables were categorized (if applicable) and included in the latent class analysis.
  4. B Diet was measured using the DASH diet quality score derived from the standard validated FFQ (31). The DASH scores were categorized into quintiles; a lower quintile indicates poorer diet quality.
  5. C The prolonged sitting, standing, and stepping variables were dichotomized based on the median value on these variables (under/over median).