Fig. 2

Dose–response associations of physical activity with steatotic liver disease by sleep duration, ELSA-Brasil (2017–2019), n = 8569. Prevalence Ratios (PR) for Steatotic liver disease (SLD) were estimated with Poisson regression models using restricted cubic splines with knots placed at 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles of the exposure and adjusted for—M1 (blue): study center, sex, age, race/color, income, degree of schooling, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, hypertension, and daily energy intake; M2a (yellow): M1 and further adjustment for body mass index. M2b (red): M1 and further adjustment for % body fat. Continuous lines are the point estimates of PR across the exposure spectra, and the colored hatched area is the 95% confidence interval. The histograms show the sample distribution on the exposure spectra, with the right vertical axis showing the percentage of the study sample. MVPA, moderate-and-vigorous physical activity