Table 1 Participant characteristics according to depression status (N = 2,812)

Age, years, mean (SE)

71.9 (0.17)

71.9 (0.18)

71.2 (0.45)

P

0.14

Sex, N (%)

 Male

48.6

49.1

39.1

 Female

51.4

50.9

60.9

P

0.06

Race/ethnicity

 Latinx/Hispanic

6.3

6.0

11.7

 Non-Hispanic White

80.2

80.6

72.3

 Non-Hispanic Black

7.0

6.9

9.5

 Non-Hispanic Asian

3.8

3.9

1.6

 Other race/ethnicity or multi-racial

2.7

2.6

4.9

P

0.002

Smoking history, N (%)

 Never

49.1

49.9

34.6

 Current

8.0

7.6

16.7

 Former

42.8

42.5

48.7

P

0.003

Educational attainment, years, N (%)

 < 9

4.4

4.2

8.6

 9–11

7.4

7.1

13.6

 12

22.4

22.4

22.5

 ≥ 12

65.7

66.3

55.3

P

0.01

Marital status, N (%)

 Never married

3.3

3.1

5.7

 Married/living with a partner

65.1

65.8

51.4

 Divorced/widowed/separated

31.6

31.1

43.9

P

0.06

Poverty-income ratio, N (%)

 No poverty (score  ≥ 1.0)

84.7

85.3

74.6

 Any poverty (score  < 1.0)

15.3

14.7

25.4

P

0.004

Body mass index, kg/m², N (%)

 Underweight (< 18.5)

1.5

1.5

1.1

 Healthy weight (18.5–24.9)

25.6

25.4

30.3

 Overweight (25.0–29.9)

37.3

38.5

16.4

 Obese (≥ 30)

35.5

34.6

52.2

P

< 0.0001

Adhering to 24 h-movement behavior guidelines

 No

80.0

79.6

87.5

 Yes

20.0

20.4

12.5

P

0.02

Adhering to at least two guidelines

 No

38.2

37.9

43.4

 Yes

61.8

62.1

56.6

P

0.33

Adhering to at least one guideline

 No

5.3

4.9

13.2

 Yes

94.7

95.1

86.8

P

0.004

Adhering to sedentary behavior and sleep duration

 No

53.9

53.1

67.1

 Yes

46.1

46.9

32.9

P

0.005

Adhering to sedentary behavior and MVPA

 No

66.7

66.9

63.7

 Yes

33.3

33.1

36.3

P

0.54

Adhering to sleep duration and MVPA

 No

77.6

77.1

87.5

 Yes

22.4

22.9

12.5

P

0.005

Adhering to sleep duration guideline

 No

45.2

44.2

64.0

 Yes

54.8

55.4

36.0

P

< 0.0001

Adhering to sedentary behavior guideline

 No

15.8

15.6

17.8

 Yes

84.2

84.4

82.2

P

0.62

Adhering to MVPA guideline

 No

62.5

62.5

62.2

 Yes

37.5

37.5

37.8

P

0.95