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Table 4 Hypotheses testing of anticipated differences and similarities in accelerometer-derived acceleration between app-based 24-h movement behaviors and app-based activity categories

From: Assessing 24-h movement behaviors in early childhood (0–4 years): Reliability of the My Little Moves app and comparison with accelerometry

Hypotheses

Consistently ( +), inconsistently ( ±), not (−) supported *

Differences between 24-h movement behaviors

+ (3), ± (0),− (0)**

Sleep < Sedentary behavior

 + 

Sleep < Physical activity

 + 

Sedentary behavior < Physical activity

 + 

Similarities across activity categories classified as SB

+ (2), ± (8),− (11)**

Passive transport = Calm play

 ± (wrist ENMO) ***

Passive transport = Play of unknown intensity

 ± (wrist ENMO and MAD)

Passive transport = Sitting/lying

Passive transport = Eating/drinking

Passive transport = Personal care

Passive transport = Passive screen use

Passive transport = Sitting/lying

Passive screen use = Play of unknown intensity

 ± (hip MAD)

Passive screen use = Sitting/lying

Passive screen use = Eating/drinking,

Passive screen use = Personal care

Passive screen use = Calm play

Sitting/lying = Eating/drinking

 + 

Sitting/lying = Personal care

 ± (hip MAD, wrist ENMO and MAD)

Sitting/lying = Play of unknown intensity

 ± (hip ENMO and MAD)

Sitting/lying = Calm play

Eating/drinking = Play of unknown intensity

 ± (hip ENMO and MAD, and wrist ENMO)

Eating/drinking = Calm play

Personal care = Eating/drinking

 ± (wrist ENMO and MAD)

Personal care = Play of unknown intensity

 ± (hip ENMO and MAD, wrist ENMO)

Calm play = Play of unknown intensity

 + 

Similarities across activity categories classified as PA

+ (0), ± (3),− (0)**

Active transport = Active screen use

 ± (wrist ENMO and MAD)

Active play = Active transport

 ± (wrist ENMO and MAD)

Active play = Active screen use

 ± (hip ENMO, wrist ENMO and MAD)

Differences between activity categories

+ (19), ± (4), − (8)**

Sleep < Sitting/lying

 + 

Sleep < Personal care

 + 

Sleep < Eating/drinking

 + 

Sleep < Passive screen use

 + 

Sleep < Passive transport

 + 

Sleep < Active transport

 + 

Sleep < Active play

 + 

Sleep < Calm play

 + 

Sleep < Play of unknown intensity

 + 

Sleep < Active screen use

 ± (wrist ENMO and MAD)

Active play > Sitting/lying

 + 

Active play > Eating/drinking

 + 

Active play > Personal care

 + 

Active play > Passive screen use

 + 

Active play > Calm play

 + 

Active play > Play of unknown intensity

 ± (hip MAD)

Active play > Passive transport

Active transport > Sitting/lying

 + 

Active transport > Eating/drinking

 + 

Active transport > Personal care

 + 

Active transport > Passive screen use

 + 

Active transport > Calm play

 + 

Active transport > Play of unknown intensity

 ± (hip ENMO and MAD)

Active transport > Passive transport

 ± (hip MAD)

Active screen use > Sitting/lying

Active screen use > Eating/drinking

Active screen use > Personal care

Active screen use > Passive screen use

Active screen use > Passive transport

Active screen use > Calm play

Active screen use > Play of unknown intensity

  1. *Hypotheses consistently supported by both ENMO and MAD acceleration data, across both wrist and hip placements, are denoted with (+). Hypotheses that are inconsistently supported—i.e., when support was found, but not by both ENMO and MAD acceleration data, across both wrist and hip placements—are denoted with (±). Hypotheses consistently not supported by either ENMO or MAD data, or at neither wrist nor hip placement, are denoted with (−)
  2. **Number of hypotheses that are consistently (+), inconsistently (±), and not (−) supported
  3. ***For hypotheses inconsistently supported (±), the specific accelerometer metrics and placements supporting the hypothesis are presented
  4. Abbreviations: ENMO Euclidean norm minus one, MAD mean amplitude deviation, PA physical activity, SB sedentary behavior